Aristolochia indica
Aristolochia indica
Author : L.
Family :Aristolochiaceae
Habit: Twining shrub
Sanskrit: Garalika, Ishwari
English:Indian birthwort
Description
A perennial climber, with greenish-white or pale to dark purple woody stems, obovate-oblong to sub-pandurate, glabrous leaves, flowers with pale-green inflated base and purple corolla, mouth and lip clothed with purple hairs, in axillary racemes and oblong or globose-oblong capsules containing many flat, ovate and winged seeds.
Useful part

Root, leaves, fruits, seeds
Medicinal Uses

ulcers, leprosy, leucoderma, skin diseases, intestinal worms, cough, flatulence, strangury, cardiac debility, fever, intermittent fever, ulcers, cough, catarrh, amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, abdominal disorders in children, all types of poisonous bites and stings, cholera, inflammation, dry cough

Major chemical constituents

aristolochic acid, aristolochine, aristololactam, aristolic acid, aristoloamide, methyl aristolochate, 6-methoxy methyl aristolate, 4,5-dehydroasimilobine, magnoflorine, 1-curine (aristolochine), ishwarane, aristolochene, selina-4(14), 11-diene, sesquiterpenes A & B, ishwarol, ledol, isomer of ledol, ishwarene, ishwarone, β-sitosterol, sterol, glucoside, stigmast-4-en-3-one, ceryl alcohol, allantoin, β-coumaric acid, d-camphor, (12S)-7,12-secoishwaran-12-ol and (+) ledol, 3β-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one, 6β-hydroxy-stigmast-4-en-3-one, 2-hydroxy-1-methoxy-4H-dibenzo [de, g] quinoline-4,5-(6H)-dione, cephaeradione A, aristololide, 5α-stigmastan-3,6-dione, (-) hinokinin, napthoquinone-aristolindiquinone, isoaristolochic acid, saponins, flavonoids